HISTORY Y9: Half term 1

WHO WERE THE SIX MILLION?

Lesson Enquiry

Essential Knowledge

Extended Knowledge

1

What was life like for the Jews of Europe?

The Jewish population of Europe differed depending on location

0.75% of the population of Germany were Jewish. 10% in Poland.

Examples of Jewish life: Clothing – Kippah/Tichel, Food – Kosher, Religion – Orthodox.

Most German Jews were assimilated.

2

Why is Anti-Semitism?

Anti-Semitism = Prejudice against people that are Jewish. Anti-Semitism existed for a long time before 1933.

Examples of A-S: Blood Libel – the murder of a Christian Child, Blame for the death of Jesus, blame for the Black Death.

3

How did the Nazi’s control Germany?

The Nazi’s controlled Germany mainly through fear and indoctrination.

Fear = The secret police and people informing on others.

Indoctrination = Radio, schools & religion

4

What was the impact of the Anti-Jewish Laws?

These laws introduced between 1933-39 were there to reduce the freedom of the Jewish community

These fit into 3 categories: Physical, mental health and material items.

5

How far was Kristallnacht a turning point?

Kristallnacht (night of crystal) was when the Nazi officials destroyed the windows of Jewish homes and businesses.

This followed the Anchluss (invasion of Austria) which strengthened the Nazis. After this the Evian conference confirmed this strength.

6

What was the Holocaust by Bullets?

During the early years of the invasion of Russia, the Einzatsgruppen systematically murdered Jewish citizens of Eastern Europe with mass shootings.

The Jewish communities of Eastern Europe and Germany were put into Ghettos. The largest of these was the Warsaw Ghetto.

7

What was the Final Solution?

This was the Nazi idea that they could ‘solve’ the Jewish ‘problem’ through the murder of Jews in concentration camps.

The first of these was at Chelmno. This was where the Nazis first tested the use of Poison gas to murder Jewish people.

8

Why was Auschwitz infamous?

Auschwitz was the most well known concentration camp and caused the largest amount of deaths of any of the camps.

Life for Jewish people in this camp was cruel and showed how brutal the Nazis could be. The camp was also used to produce goods the Nazis needed to fight in WWII.

9

How did people resist the Holocaust?

There are many examples of groups of people who tried to help the Jewish community.

One key example was the Warsaw Uprising, where the citizens of the ghetto rose

 up to try to end their famine and poor treatment.

1933

1933-39

1938

1939

1940

1941

1944

Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany

Anti-Jewish Laws in Germany

Kristallnacht (night of crystal)

WWII begins

Auschwitz opens

Chelmno begins the first gassing of Jewish people.

Warsaw uprising

HISTORY Y9: Half term 2

What changed in post-war Britain?

Lesson Enquiry

Essential Knowledge

Extended Knowledge

1

Why was the 1945 Election so famous?

There were two main candidates: Clement Attlee (Labour) and Winston Churchill (Conservative). Attlee wins a majority of votes.

Attlee promised the British public the chance of a welfare state: Education/Health care/Social Security. This was all based on the Beveridge report.

2

What was the Welfare State?

Made up of 3 parts: Education/Health care/Social Security.

Education was compulsory until the age of 16. Social security offered help to people with housing and wages. Health care offered a free healthcare system for all.

3

Why was the NHS so revolutionary?

Health care became free at the point of access from the “cradle to the grave”.

This included all services. Although, dentistry was soon made a paid service after there was a large amount of uptake from the British public.

4

Why did Decolonisation happen after 1945?

Britain began to give independence to the colonies it controlled in it’s Empire as many other countries had begun to do.

Britain’s place on the world stage was greatly reduced and this was because of the Cold War between the superpowers of the USA & USSR.

5

Why was the Suez crisis embarrassing for Britain?

Britain aimed to reclaim the Suez Canal (Egypt) after it was nationalised. Their plan failed and it was embarrassing for Britain.

Britain made a secret plan with France and Israel to invade. However, the UN thwarted this plan and tried to bankrupt Britain, mainly with the support of the USA.

6

Who were the Windrush Generation?

After WWII, Britain invited skilled workers from the Caribbean to come to Britain to take up work.

Britain invited people to become citizens from the Caribbean, this filled a lot of jobs in Britain that were unoccupied. However, this led to tension in some communities, culminating in racism.

7

Why were people against Migration to Britain?

There were 3 main types of opposition: Radical groups, Political, Social.

Radical groups included: The White Defence League & the Teddy boys who were openly opposed to Migration, using violence and intimidation

8

Why was the Bristol Bus Boycott important?

A group of activists protested against the Bristol Omnibus company over racist practices using a Boycott. This eventually created some equality.

The boycott was maintained using students, banners and marches under the slogan “every man has the right to work” and through messages from MP’s like Tony Benn.

9

What happened in Notting Hill?

There was a race riot between White and Black communities in Notting Hill in 1958. This led to the creation of Notting Hill Carnival in 1966.

 The riot was supported by the Opposition groups like the Teddy Boys. The led to the arrests of 140 people, mainly for using violence and deadly weapons.

10

What were the Swinging 60s?

1945

1948

1948 – 71

1950-70

1956

1941

1963

Attlee wins the election and becomes British Prime Minister.

NHS is created

Windrush Generation

Decolonisation

Suez crisis

Notting Hill riots.

Bristol Bus Boycott